Is this Circumstantial Ad Hominem?
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Original Question
There can be no logical, reasonable and/or rational debate in politics if the majority of either party is persistently just trying to convince the other/s to agree to their own view stemming from deeply ingrained biases instead of actually trying to reach a reasonably suitable conclusion that each party can reasonably agree to.
However, after some reflection I began to think perhaps I made the Circumstantial Ad Hominem fallacy here. I do remember thinking things at the time like "How can either party be correct if each one is biased." However, I later thought "actually, just because someone might be biased does not necessarily affect the argument/s presented."
Answers
4There can be no logical, reasonable and/or rational debate in politics if the majority of either party is persistently just trying to convince the other/s to agree to their own view stemming from deeply ingrained biases
No, I don't think there is a fallacy commited there, mainly because you did not judge the validity of the arguments made by the political parties based on the fact that they're biased. You simply made the claim that it is very difficult to see reasonable debate in a climate where the majority of both parties have deeply ingrained biases, which is a reasonable claim. (Technically, you didn't say it is very difficult to have reasonable debate, but that there "can be no" reasonable debate, but I think that was a figure of speech that is not to be taken in the absolute, literal way that you phrased it in and you just meant it is extremely rare/difficult to see logical debate in a very biased climate).
However, when your reasoning went through the line:
How can either party be correct if each one is biased?
This is where your reasoning was fallacious because you used the bias of the arguer as an arbiter of the truth of the argument.
You nailed it. Biases don't necessarily affect the truth of the argument, like in the case that bias causes the person to argue their position more passionate. To simplify this idea, let's say that is true that X exists. If one is biased to believe that X exists, they may rationalize and offer poor reasons for X existing, but their conclusion would be right, regardless of their biases.
Also, your original statement looks might it is bordering on the Argument to Moderation . Sometimes a party will not agree to a reasonable solution or even acknowledge facts. One who is has the facts on their side should not concede the facts.
Your concern is more a matter of dialectic than of logic. In other words, the purpose of making arguments is to determine truth. That process only works if both sides are willing to give in to a better argument. Political ideologues use argument and logic as weapons, not as methods to seek truth. (Dialectic is a process of give and take between two sides.)
Paul Krugman makes a similar point when he complains about "bothsidesism." If one side is quite wrong, it is a dialectical mistake to look for equal problems on both sides.
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